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Thursday, January 12, 2012

Padamchaal (पदमचाल)

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NameHimalayan Rhubarb
CodeNE608
Scientific NameRheum Australe D. Don.
Nepali NamePadamchaal (पदमचाल)
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Parts used: Rhizome

Rhubarb Root is a common ingredient in herbal laxatives. The plants from which this root is harvested grow in China, Tibet, and India as well as the higher altitudes of the Himalayan Mountains and Turkey. Herbal preparations of rhubarb root are made from both the root and the rhizome of the plant known scientifically as Rheum.

The name of this plant is believed to be derived from the Greek word for the verb "to flow."

Substances in rhubarb root known as anthraquinones (or A-factors) are responsible for the herb's laxative effects.

These A-factors appear to work in a sort of timed release fashion, with some reaching the large intestine and others first being reabsorbed by the small intestine before being released into the large intestine later.

As a result, the effects last longer but are much smoother than other herbal laxatives, such as cascara sagrada.

Besides having laxative properties, rhubarb root is also useful as an astringent and antiseptic. It can be used internally to treat intestinal worms as well as externally in compresses or poultices to treat burns, wounds, carbuncles and boils.

Rhubarb root also helps to detoxify the intestinal tract, and it contains tannins that balance its purgative properties by preventing diarrhea when the herb is used in smaller amounts. Rhubarb root is also an ingredient in some herbal mouthwashes. In China, researchers are conducting studies to determine whether this herb has anti-cancer properties as well.

When used as a laxative, rhubarb root can be taken in capsule or tablet form. Herbal laxatives often contain rhubarb root in addition to other herbs. Tinctures of rhubarb root are also available, and the dried root can be used in bulk or prepared as a tea. This herb is intended as a treatment for acute constipation or gastrointestinal problems.

It should not be taken for a long period of time as the bowels may become dependent upon it in order to function or it may mask a more serious medical problem. If symptoms persist for more than ten days, it is very important to consult a physician in order to rule out a serious underlying medical problem.

It is important to be aware that the leaves of rhubarb plants contain high amounts of toxic substances known as oxalates. For this reason, the plant's leaves should never be ingested. Oxalates are also present in the root, but not in concentrations high enough to be a problem for healthy people.

However, rhubarb root should not be used by people with kidney disease, including kidney stones. It should also not be taken by children under twelve years of age, women who are pregnant or breastfeeding or people who have been diagnosed with colitis or an obstruction in the intestinal tract.

Also, people who are taking any kind of blood medications, including blood thinners or other laxatives should consult with their medical provider before taking rhubarb root. Note that this herb may turn urine dark yellow or red, but this is not a cause for alarm.

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Tite Pati (तिते पाती)

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NameMug-wort
CodeNE600
Scientific NameArtemisia Indica Willd
Nepali NameTite Pati (तिते पाती)
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Medicinal Use
The leaves and flowering stems are anthelmintic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, emmenagogue, expectorant and stomachic. An infusion is used in the treatment of nervous and spasmodic affections, in asthma and in diseases of the brain. This infusion is also considered to be helpful in improving the appetite. The juice of the plant is used in Nepal to treat diarrhoea, dysentery and abdominal pains. It is used as an eyewash where it is said to relieve the burning sensation in conjunctivitis. A paste of the plant is applied externally to treat wounds. The roots are antiseptic and are a tonic for the kidneys.

Cultivation
The sides of paths and tracks, margins of cleared forests at elevations of 300 - 2500 metres in Nepal.

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Sutho (सुठो)

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NameDry Ginger
CodeNE609
Scientific NameZingiber Officinale
Nepali NameSutho (सुठो)
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Dry ginger is commonly known as sweet ginger and sonth. This is widely demanded for various cooking and medicinal purposes. This is used in various dished to enhance the aroma and zing. On the medicinal grounds, dry ginger powder is used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting that are associated with sea sickness, pregnancy, motion etc. Moreover, it is also beneficial for the treatment of gastrointestinal problems.

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Barro

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NameMyrobalan
CodeNE612
Scientific NameTerminalia Bellerica (Gaertner) Roxb.
Nepali NameBarro (बर्रो)
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Baheda is a tall handsome tree, with characteristic bark, 12-50 m tall. Leaves are alternately arranged or fascicled at the end of branches, elliptic or elliptic obovate, leathery, dotted, entire. Leaf tip is narrow- pointed or rounded. Leaves are 8-20 cm long, 7.5-15 cm wide, on stalks 2.15 cm long. Flowers arise in spikes in leaf axils, 5-15 cm long. Flowers are greenish yellow, 5-6 mm across, stalklesse, upper flowers of the spike are male, lower flowers are bisexual. Stamens are 3-4 mm long. Fruit is obovoid 1.5-2.5 cm in diameter, covered with minute pale pubescence, stone very thick, indistinctly 5 angled.


Introduction:
A tall deciduous tree reaching 40-50 m in height, with a straight, clean bole up to 1/2 the tree height and with a diameter at breast height of up to 2-3 m, buttressed when large. Fruit a subglobose to broadly ellipsoid drupe, 2-3.5 cm long and 5 angular.

Uses: The fruits are use for tanning hides into leather and they yield a dye used for dying cloth and matting, and for the preparation of ink. The kernels can be eaten, but they prossess narcotic properties. An oil extracted from the seeds are used in hair-oil and in the manufacture of soap. Both the unripe and ripe fruit has medicinal properties.

Growing Period:Perennial. On good soil, the tree can reach 20-25 m in height within 15 years.

Common Names:
Beleric myrobalan, Belliric myrabolan, Bedda nut tree, Myrobalan lelleric, Jaha kebo, Jaha sapi, Jaha, Jelawai, Mentalun, Sramaa pipheek, Heen, Haen, Si-ba-duu, Samo phi phek, Bang hoi, Bang moc, Nhu't, Bahera, Tare, Goting, Bherda, Tani, Tandi, Thitsein.

More: 
Scientific synonym: T. belerica. Beleric myrobalan Usually occurs scattered in deciduous forests on periodically dry soils at elevations up to 600 m. The tree can withstand light shade in youth.

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Product / Herb Detail: Rudraksha

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NameRudraksha
CodeNE604
Scientific NameElaeocarpus Sphaericus (Gaertn.) K. Schum.
Nepali NameRudraksha (रुद्राक्ष)
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Rudraksha (also Rudraksh; Sanskrit: rudrākṣa ("Rudra-eyed")) is a large evergreen broad-leaved tree whose seed is traditionally used for prayer beads in Hinduism. The seed is borne by several species ofElaeocarpus, with E. ganitrus being the principal species used in the making of a bead chain or mala. Rudraksha is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the name Rudra and ākṣa ("eye").
Rudraksha grows in the area from the Indo Gangetic Plain in foothills of the Himalayas to South-East Asia, New Guinea to Australia, Guam, and Hawaii. Rudraksha trees are also found in Nepal. Rudraksha seeds are covered by an outer shell of blue color when fully ripe, and for this reason are also known as blueberry beads. The blue colour is derived not from pigment but is structural. It is an evergreen tree that grows quickly. Rudraksha Tree starts bearing fruit in three to four years. As the tree matures, the roots buttress rising up narrowly near the trunk and radiating out along the surface of the ground.

Uses and Benefits of Rudraksha:

Rudraksha is regarded as medicine in Ayurveda.  It is warm and humid in temperament; some persons regard it cold also.  It tastes bitter.  It is used not only to wear on different parts of the body, but it can also be used as Oral medicine and for besmearing externally.  Many doctors, Vaidyas, scientists and ascetics use it.

It is the destroyer of worms and it gives brilliancy to the body.  It pacifies Vaat (air), Pitta (bile) and cough automatically.  It is also useful for women in pregnancy.  Rudraksha is a good medicine for skin diseases.  In leprosy of both the kinds it can be used.  It effects as a medicine to cure sores, ringworm, pimples, boils and it is useful in burns also. 

Rudraksha is useful for the patients of blood pressure.  It does not let it go up or down.  It keeps the B.P. normal.  For this Rudraksha mala should be worn so close that it should touch the heart.  The bead size should as bigger as the wearer feels comfortable. The coverage of the heart area should be as large as possible for this a full mala of 54+1 or 108+1 is found to be useful. Wearer shall not fall prey to a sudden heart attack, shrinking of heart or brain hemorrhage.  The patient of blood pressure should keep the five faced Rudraksha in water filled in a glass vessel throughout the night and should drink it as soon as he gets up in the morning.  By doing so the person would have normal Blood pressure.

The children, who are mostly sick with fever, should wear three faced Rudraksha.

In Chechak (typhus) Rudraksha and black pepper having equal weight should be ground and sieved through a cloth-sieve.  This powder should be drunk with stale water to cure chechak. 

Cough is cured fully if the powder of ten mukhi Rudraksha is rubbed and licked with milk thrice a day.  12 mukhi along with 3 mukhi and 10 mukhi should worn around the neck.

Hysteria, Coma, Leucorrhoea and female diseases related to genital organs can be cured by wearing 3 (three) beads of six faced Rudraksha.  

All the diseases relating to the mind and brain are cured by drinking milk that is boiled with four faced Rudraksha.  It increases the memory also.

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Product / Herb Detail: Chebulic Myrobalan, Black Myrobalan

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NameChebulic Myrobalan, Black Myrobalan
CodeNE611
Scientific NameTerminalia Chebula Retz.
Nepali NameHarro (हर्रो)
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Introduction:
A medium-sized deciduous tree reaching up to 25 m in height, often with a short, cylindrical bole of 5-10 m in length and 60-80 cm in diameter, dark brown bark and a rounded crown with spreading branches.

Uses:
The fruits are rich in tannin and are used in the leather industry. A dye can be prepared from the fruits. The fruits also have numerous medicinal properties. The wood is used as construction timber and for furniture, carts and implements, but is not of much value.

Growing Period: Perennial.

Common Names: Chebulic myrobalan, Myrabolan tree, Black myrobalan, Myrobalan noir, Myrobolan noir, Manja lawai, Manja puteri, Manja patut, Sramaa, Sa mao tchet, Somz moox kh'ook, Maa-nae, Samo thai, Maaknae, Ca lich, Chieu lieu xanh, Harra, Hirda, Anale, Kadakai, Karaka, Panga.

Other Details:
Scientific synonym: T. tomentella. Chebulic myrobalan occurs in deciduous forest, extending into relatively dry types at elevations up to 2000 m. It is drought hardy, fire resistant and withstands some shade in youth.

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NameZanthoxylum Alatum
CodeNE613
Scientific NameZanthoxylum Alatum
Nepali NameTimur (टिमुर)
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Description: This shrub is found in North America, Nepal, India, and Bhutan.

Parts Used: Bark, carpels, carpels of fruits, seeds
Active Compounds:
Bark:   Alkaloids: g-fagarine, b-fagarine (-skimmianine), magnoflorine, laurifoline, nitidine, chelerythrine, tambetarine and candicine
Coumarins: xanthyletin, zanthoxyletin, alloxanthyletin,   Resin, tannin, volatile oil.

Medicinal Applications Action
Branches, fruit and thorns: carminative, stomachic
Bark and Berries: alterative, anti-rheumatic, carminative, diaphoretic, hepatic,  stimulant, tonic.
Therapeutic Uses:asthma
bronchitis
cholera
fever
fibrositis
indigestion
rheumatism
skin diseases
toothache
varicose veins
Prickly Ash is used in many chronic problems such a rheumatism and skin diseases; chilblains, cramp in the leg, varicose veins and varicose ulcers. It is also used for low blood pressure, fever, and inflammation.  Externally it may be used as a stimulation liniment for rheumatism and fibrositis. It has a stimulating effect upon the lymphatic system, circulation and mucous membranes.
Dosage: Bark-infusion, decoction
Infusion: Pour a cup of boiling water onto 1-2 teaspoonfuls of the bark and let infuse for 10-15 minutes. Drink this three times a day.
Tincture: take 1-2 ml of the tincture three times a day.
Ayurvedic Preparation: Tejowatyadya Grita, Tumbawardi Churna

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